Outbreak of Leishmania braziliensis Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Saül, French Guiana

نویسندگان

  • Guillaume Martin-Blondel
  • Xavier Iriart
  • Fouad El Baidouri
  • Stéphane Simon
  • Deborah Mills
  • Magalie Demar
  • Thierry Pistone
  • Thomas Le Taillandier
  • Denis Malvy
  • Jean-Pierre Gangneux
  • Pierre Couppie
  • Wendy Munckhof
  • Bruno Marchou
  • Christophe Ravel
  • Antoine Berry
چکیده

References 1. Schmidt H. Shiga-toxin-converting bacteriophages. Res Microbiol. 2001;152:687–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ S0923-2508(01)01249-9 2. Melton-Celsa A, Mohawk K, Teel L, O’Brien A. Pathogenesis of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2012;357:67–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2011_176 3. Manning SD, Motiwala AS, Springman AC, Qi W, Lacher DW, Ouellette LM, et al. Variation in virulence among clades of Escherichia coli O157:H7 associated with disease outbreaks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:4868–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/ pnas.0710834105 4. Martinez-Castillo A, Quirós P, Navarro F, Miró E, Muniesa M. Shiga toxin 2–encoding bacteriophages in human fecal samples from healthy individuals. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2013;79: 4862–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01158-13 5. McDonough MA, Butterton JR. Spontaneous tandem amplification and deletion of the Shiga toxin operon in Shigella dysenteriae 1. Mol Microbiol. 1999;34:1058–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/ j.1365-2958.1999.01669.x 6. Beutin L, Strauch E, Fischer I. Isolation of Shigella sonnei lysogenic for a bacteriophage encoding gene for production of Shiga toxin. Lancet. 1999;353:1498. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ S0140-6736(99)00961-7 7. Nataro JP, Bopp CA, Fields PI, Kaper JB, Strockbine NA. Escherichia, Shigella, and Salmonella. In: Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen JH, Landry ML, Pfaller MA, editors. Manual of clinical microbiology. 9th ed. Washington (DC): ASM Press; 2007. p 670–87. 8. Statens Serum Institute. Identification of three vtx1 and seven vtx2 subtypes of Verocytotoxin encoding genes of Escherichia coli by conventional PCR amplification. Version 6. 2014 [cited 2014 Mar 10]. http://www.ssi.dk/English/HealthdataandICT/National%20 Reference%20Laboratories/Bacteria/~/media/Indhold/EN%20-%20 engelsk/Public%20Health/National%20Reference%20Laboratories/ vtx%20detection%20%20subtyping%20protocolrev6final.ashx 9. Fontaine A, Arondel J, Sansonetti PJ. Role of Shiga toxin in the pathogenesis of bacillary dysentery, studied by using a Toxmutant of Shigella dysenteriae 1. Infect Immun. 1988;56:3099–109. 10. Pupo GM, Lan R, Reeves PR. Multiple independent origins of Shigella clones of Escherichia coli and convergent evolution of many of their characteristics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97:10567–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.180094797

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عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 21  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2015